Bougainville News : A lost decade? Service delivery and reforms in Papua New Guinea

JM PO

“The positive results revealed by the survey not only show that progress in service delivery is possible in Papua New Guinea, but also show how progress can be made. A large chunk of the report is devoted to understanding the impact (or lack of impact) of recent reforms, such as free health and education, and the reasons for the differences and trends that we observe.”

The full report, a summary, and a two-page overview are available here.

A report based on two surveys ten years apart and two years of analysis has been  by a team of researchers from the National Research Institute (NRI) and The Australian National University (ANU).

In 2002, the Papua New Guinea National Research Institute (NRI), in collaboration with the World Bank, surveyed some 330 primary schools and health clinics across the country, from the national capital to the most remote districts. In 2012, NRI, this time in collaboration with the Development Policy Centre at ANU, went back to many of the same primary schools and health clinics in the same eight provinces, this time surveying a total of about 360 facilities.

The end-product is a data set of unprecedented detail and depth in relation to service delivery in PNG. Indeed, very few countries around the world can boast of a panel survey of facilities of this type which enables comparisons to be made over time.

The NRI-ANU research team has spent the last two years analysing the data sets, and today released their results at the report launch at the NRI campus in Port Moresby.

The report, A lost decade? Service delivery and reforms in Papua New Guinea, shows that PNG’s primary schools have expanded rapidly over the last decade, but that fewer services are now provided by its health clinics.

Since the difficulties of service delivery in PNG are already well-known, what is perhaps more interesting are the areas of progress shown in the report. There were 89 per cent more children enrolled in the average PNG primary school in 2012 compared to 2001. Whereas there used to be one girl at primary school for every two boys, now there is almost one girl for every boy. The number of teachers has grown by a third over the decade, and the share of female teachers has grown from a quarter to a half. The number of ghost teachers (teachers claiming pay but not actually working) has fallen dramatically. The average school has more and better classrooms, teacher houses and textbooks. More have drinking water and electricity.

Of course, PNG’s primary schools and – to a much greater extent – health clinics still face many challenges. A third of classrooms require rebuilding: the same share as in 2002. Class sizes have increased a lot, and there are broader concerns about the quality of education on offer. Though the number of children in school has certainly increased, absenteeism has risen.

Nevertheless, the positive results revealed by the survey not only show that progress in service delivery is possible in Papua New Guinea, but also show how progress can be made. A large chunk of the report is devoted to understanding the impact (or lack of impact) of recent reforms, such as free health and education, and the reasons for the differences and trends that we observe.

Getting finances to the service delivery front-line stands out as critical. A lot more funds are reaching schools today than health clinics. About 40 per cent of health clinics receive no external support at all (in cash or in kind), whereas nearly all schools receive the twice-yearly subsidy payments. And schools receive more than twice as much funding than they did ten years ago, even after inflation. What they have lost in school fees they have more than made up for through generous government support.

Local governance and supervision also matter. Schools have mature and increasingly powerful Boards of Management which provide local oversight. They receive community support through P&C Committees. And most schools are inspected.

Resolving workforce issues is also key. The Education Department has been able to hire new teachers, whereas many retired health workers continue in place since there is no-one to replace them. Significantly, about half the health workers we interviewed felt they were not being paid at the correct grade. That was true of teachers ten years ago, but now it is only 10 per cent. Again, progress is possible.

In summary, getting funding to the front line, providing community and administrative oversight, and sorting out human resource problems seems to be the secret for the success of PNG’s primary schools. It is a recipe that could be applied more to primary health care, perhaps starting at the bigger district-level facilities.

Regular monitoring of basic data across PNG is critical for understanding what is working, what isn’t working, and why. Without it, we will be in the dark about service delivery. We look forward to the discussion that we hope our report will generate. In our next phase of research, we’ll be going back into the field to undertake more detailed case studies to better understand the conditions required for service delivery success. And perhaps in another five years or so we’ll be able to further develop this unique data set by undertaking another nationwide facility survey.

Professor Stephen Howes is Director of the Development Policy Centre. Andrew Anton Mako was a Research Fellow at NRI for most of the duration of this project. Dr Grant Walton and Dr Anthony Swan are Research Fellows at the Development Policy Centre. Dr Thomas Webster is the Director of the National Research Institute. Colin Wiltshire is the Project Manager for the PEPE project at the Development Policy Centre.

The NRI-ANU PNG Promoting Effective Public Expenditure (PEPE) project aims to understand how Papua New Guinea allocates its public funds and how these funds are provided to and used by those responsible for delivering basic services. PEPE is supported by the Australian aid program through the Economic and Public Sector Program (EPSP).

The full report, a summary, and a two-page overview are available here.

Our previous blog posts on PEPE research are collected here.

Bougainvile Education News: Applications now open for prestigious Australia Awards scholarships

Applications now open

 

 

James Hall, the Australian High Commission’s Minister Counsellor with representatives from the PNG Assembly of Disabled Persons at their bi-annual conference held in Port Moresby.

On 1 October, the Australian High Commission opened applications for the prestigious Australia Awards scholarships. PNG’s next generation of leaders will have an opportunity to undertake tertiary study, research or professional development in Australia in 2016.

The Australia Awards team will conduct promotional roadshows across the country about the Awards. Visits will include provinces that have not been well represented in previous years including the Autonomous Region of Bougainville.

Further information about the Australia Awards can be found at: www.australiaawards.org.pg

The first Australia Awards information session was held on Friday 3 October at the regional PNG Assembly of Disabled Persons meeting in Port Moresby. Factsheets, information booklets and posters were provided to each representative to disseminate through their regional disability networks.

Australia’s Minister Counsellor for Development Cooperation, Mr James Hall said, “More than 2000 Papua New Guineans have participated in the Australia Awards program since 1996 and are making a significant contribution to the future of PNG. This year, women, people living with a disability, and people living and working in the provinces are particularly encouraged to apply.”

“I would urge you all to reach out to young Papua New Guineans, especially those living with a disability, and support them to pursue an opportunity of a lifetime by applying for an Award,” Mr Hall said.

The Australia Awards program is an initiative of the Australian Government. The Australia Awards aim to contribute to PNG’s long term development needs by awarding scholarships in areas that align with PNG’s development partnership with Australia including health, education and law and justice.

Scholarships are highly competitive with selection based on academic ability, leadership, employment record, the developmental benefit of the proposed field of study, and overall preparedness to study in Australia. Each year the Australian Government offers around 150 Australia Award scholarships. At least fifty percent of these will be awarded to women.

Applications close on 16 February 2015. The Australia Awards team will conduct promotional roadshows across the country about the Awards. Visits will include provinces that have not been well represented in previous years including Manus, the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, East Sepik, Enga, West New Britain, Gulf, and Oro. Further information about the Australia Awards can be found at: www.australiaawards.org.pg

The Australia Awards PNG Information Centre is equipped with institutional handbooks and internet access to help potential applicants research courses. Staff are available to provide assistance with applications and to assist alumni to look for employment where they can apply their newly obtained skills. The centre is located in Port Tower, Hunter St, Port Moresby, and is open Monday to Friday from 8.30am to 4.30pm.

And do not forget our current project for our young kids to get this opportunity  ; DONATE TODAY

Bookgainville  Project on Bougainville PNG

Bougainville voice of Simon Pentanu”let not outsiders pit us against ourselves”

A Bougainville voice:

Simon Pentanu

AUSTRALIAN NGO Jubilee Australia published a report in September on views held by villagers near the mine on the re-opening of the Panguna mine in Bougainville.

SEE OUR REPORT and reports in Bougainville24

Jubilee, which claims to be a “scientific research body”, prepared the report jointly with two highly partisan organisations, the International State Crime Initiative and the Bismarck Ramu Group.

Kristian Lasslett, an Ulster-based Australian academic who is a constant purveyor of attacks on the Bougainville leadership, generally with little or no evidence, was heavily involved in the preparation and writing of the report.

In response to criticism of the report in the social media, Lasslett has defended himself and Jubilee notably in posts on the PNG Mine Watch blog (run by the Bismarck Ramu Group) and on Facebook’s Bougainville Forum.

Australians, Vicki Johns and Dantares Midway Jones (aka Andrew Jones) and Australian-based Bougainvillean, Clive Porabou, have all joined Lasslett in defending the report on the Bougainville Forum.

Jubilee and these others domiciled abroad will have us believe that they know more about Bougainville than anyone living on Bougainville and that they are privy to the personal views of the majority of Bougainvilleans today, including mine site landowners.

The spread of these dubious “research findings” in Australia can be likened to a new malady that is about to hit Canberra, the cure for which only the bearers of the ill tidings possess and can administer.

Jubilee is at the forefront and is in this for exposure and publicity, not for the benefit of Bougainville.

Every time these desktop researchers return to their own countries after a very brief foray into their own mystical Bougainville, they carry a hastily packaged fantasy that reveals the ‘undeniable truth’ about what the majority of Bougainvilleans think about Panguna.

Jubilee is in Australia. They believe that a brief visit by anti-mining Bougainville researchers to Panguna, armed with questions to which they already ‘know’ the answers, provides better credentials than they had as remote-controlled observers of Bougainville from afar.

After ticking off their questionnaires, the organisation can make a jubilant exit, highly satisfied that their “research” confirms what they always believed.

With a prejudice and orientation against anything and everybody engaged in, or supportive of, what they see as the sordid business of mining, organisations like this will always be predisposed to searching and commenting to satisfy and confirm their very own views, which they can then confidently sell to Canberra.

Kristian Lasslett works and schemes from Ulster in Northern Ireland (UK). On matters concerning Bougainville he is the self-made expert – chopping, pasting and moulding Bougainville like plasticine to be forced into his desired shape and form.

Like the operatives at Jubilee, he drives a metal car, flies in metal planes and eats, I assume, mainly with metal cutlery. He and the Jubilee operatives do not suffer from metal fatigue, despite their disdain for industries that extract useful minerals.

Kristian will swear by his comments and views, defend them and feed them to anyone who likes to lap up tales of deceit and conspiracy against Bougainville by mining giants and governments.

At best he is a socialist, born to save the world’s downtrodden. At worst he is a Trotskyite, peddling and romanticising his thoughts around Melanesia.

He is a smooth operator, armed with mind-boggling academic qualifications, but why should PNG and Bougainville take notice of him?

He does not add value to our attempts to resolve our issues on Bougainville island, or in PNG for that matter. His activities simply feed his own ambitions.

He tells us that he knows Bougainville from the 1960s, though his appearance indicates he was barely an adolescent at the time of the Bougainville crisis.

He arrived after the crisis, well after the peace process took hold, only to collect the crumbs when the smorgasbord was over. This is obvious in his comments about wanting to return to Bougainville’s past. Bougainvilleans be warned: this fellow cannot be trusted.

There’s little I can say about Vikki John. I believe she’s relatively harmless because I understand she rarely expresses her own views, assuming she has some. Apparently, her function is to cut, paste and disseminate any anti-mining material she comes across, in order to alert poor, ignorant Bougainvilleans to the dangers of doing further business with notoriously nasty mining companies.

I don’t know who DAntares Midway Jones (aka Andrew Jones) is, but I gather he has been searching for his ancestry/roots, as his interchanging name suggests.

He has suddenly splashed himself onto the Bougainville scene with grandiose ideas for the salvation of the island and its population. He believes he has a profound proposal to rid Bougainville of its muddled past.

He proposes a Peoples Tribunal with draft terms of reference comprising Bougainvilleans who will preside as judge, jury, prosecutor and terminator. He even has a Tribunal Facebook page.

He claims he has aboriginal ancestry. He dons a Fidel Castro type cap, is clad in khaki clothes with an Australian Aboriginal flag badge sewn on the breast and he sports a Fidel Castro beard. He is calm, cool and does not flinch at his critics.

I don’t know where he popped up from. He says he made a single visit to Bougainville, a lone trip that has convinced him that he knows Bougainville well enough to insert a Tribunal there to disable the culprits responsible for the island’s demise.

He has some strange ideas about what might be best for Bougainville. He impresses me as someone who has probably been wandering around admiring rock drawings in arid caves and sacred aboriginal sites and suddenly thinks he is sufficiently indigenous to transplant himself into another traditional society like Bougainville.

Clive Porabou is the next best thing to cheese, biscuits and shiraz. Just as these tasty and intoxicating items make party conversation flow freely, Clive’s presence and discussion with the likes of the people I have mentioned above make their adrenalin flow from both excitement and anger.

Clive lives abroad and, for those who have no personal experience on Bougainville, he is the Bougainville expatriate expert who satisfies the appetite of a certain mould of Australian academic, environmentalist, social psycho and welfare benefactor.

Always with an acoustic guitar in hand, he longs for the day when Bougainville might be governed by Me’ekamui, financed by Noah Musingku’s new Bougainville currency.

Hearing from Clive is enough to convince most non-Bougainvilleans that they have a duty to rescue Bougainville from bondage, and the government outfit to accomplish this is the version of Me’ekamui that Clive peddles abroad.

In truth, the Me’ekamui in central Bougainville have been consulting and beginning to work and cooperate with the Autonomous Bougainville Gobvernment (ABG), which was always bound to happen.

I can’t be too critical of Clive, because in his heart of hearts he will always remain a true Bougainvillean, but suspicious of his expat friends. It suits him fine if they are gullible enough to believe him, because as long as this unfortunate business lasts, he can continue to enjoy peace and a relatively convivial lifestyle offshore.

Take heart, the reason why most Bougainvilleans won’t whinge about, or flinch at, research that is carried out overnight from abroad is because it’s not worth the paper it’s written on.

If you were to enter the same Bougainville communities in the same locations and conduct your own research to extract a ‘yes to mining’ response, you would get it. It really depends on how the comments and questions are framed. The Jubilee research is simply a means to an end.

Jubilee, Kristian, Andrew Jones and all of these parties will always support such research and support each other. They are birds of a feather, flocking, scheming and screeching together. As some Bougainvilleans have commented in the Bougainville Facebook forum, this is all “bullshit”.

The ABG must make the Australian government aware that Jubilee is going to the Australian Parliament entirely of its own accord, without the knowledge, authority or respect of the ABG and most Bougainvilleans.

If we are not careful and if the ABG turns a blind eye, the confusion, disunity and anger these people can generate could pit Bougainvillean against Bougainvillean, community against community, clans and families against each other, and even the people against their leaders and government.

These are people coming into a society they really don’t know much about or understand. They are attempting to ride roughshod over the programs and projects the ABG and landowners have been involved in towards resolving every issue in Panguna.

There has been steady progress towards addressing many outstanding Panguna grievances that affect everyone, not just the sampling of villages Jubilee has selectively interviewed.

There are senior ministers in the Abbott government, like foreign affairs minister Julie Bishop, who always have an ear and heart for Bougainville. There is no reason why the president and senior bureaucrats who have the carriage of different aspects and areas of discussion over Panguna, e.g. Steve Burain, Raymond Masono and advisers like Dr Naihuwo Ahai, cannot approach Canberra and confront the Jubilee research.

This is how absurd it is: Jubilee operatives come to Bougainville, do their fact finding visit up the road, fold up all the work and turn up in Canberra unbeknownst to ABG and most of Bougainville.

They do not even have the courtesy to call on the authorities on Bougainville to explain or share what they have done. If this is not conspiracy against ABG, for reasons only known to themselves, then I don’t know what it is.

There is a real risk that foreign elements that have no responsibility or obligations on Bougainville and that are not accountable to anyone can derail fifteen years of peace process and reconciliation achieved without meddling from uninvited offbeat academics, latter day NGOs, busybodies and socialites that have nothing better to do in their own countries.

If they have nothing to contribute to their own governments and people, it is hard to accept the claim that their reconnaissance on Bougainville will enhance our future.

Bookgainville  Project on Bougainville PNG

 

Bougainville Government news: Restructure of Ministers and departments heads to be advertised

President Momis

 

Bougainville will now advertise the senior positions within its public service as part of its restructure under the new Bougainville Public Service (Administration and Management) Act 2014.

All departmental head appointments will be made by the Bougainville Senior Appointments Committee which consists of:

The President                                      Hon John Momis, GL, MHR

The Speaker                                        Hon Andrew Miriki

Church’s Representative                    Bishop Rev. Tim D Arthur

Women’s Representative                   Mrs Hona Holan

Bougainville Lawyer                          Mr Hubert Kikira

As for the purposes of appointing the Bougainville Electoral Commissioner the Bougainville Constitution requires that two National Government officers are added, these are Secretary of the Department for Personnel Management Mr John Kali and the PNG Electoral Commissioner Mr Andrew Trawen.

The Bougainville Senior Appointments Committee the Administration will shortly contract an executive recruitment firm to assist it and to make the departmental head appointments.

The firm will manage an open, transparent and merit-based recruitment process for the 14 departmental head positions, the two deputies in the Department of President and BEC and the urgent appointment of an Electoral Commissioner.

The timetable for the positions of Chief Secretary, Electoral Commissioner, Secretary of the Department of Administrative Services and Secretary of Treasury and Finance is:

  1. In the week of Monday 8 September the start of two weeks of advertising for all positions.
  2. Friday 26 September applications for these four positions will close.
  3. Friday 10 October the shortlist will be prepared in consultation with Mr John Kali.
  4. In the week of 20th October interviews will be conducted.
  5. In the week of 3 November, or earlier if the interviews and paperwork is completed, the Bougainville Senior Appointments Committee will meet to consider independent panel’s recommendations and to make appointments.
  6. The timetable for the remaining departmental head positions is:
  1. Friday 12 September all positions descriptions for the remaining 11 departments and two Deputy Chief Secretary positions will be completed.
  2. The week of Monday 15 September the start of two weeks of advertising for all positions.
  3. Friday 3 October applications close.
  4. During October the recruitment firm will carry out referee and qualification checks and prepare the short lists for all positions.
  5. Interviews will take place in November and early December. All enquiries about the recruitment process will be directed to the contracted recruitment firm. This is important to ensure all applicants are treated fairly and evenly.
  6. From time to time the Administration will make announcements on the progress of the recruitment process.

The restructure of the Bougainville Public Service has also seen a minor reshuffle within the Autonomous Bougainville Cabinet to accommodate the changes.

The restructure sees the creation of new ministries while the Veterans Affairs, Peace, Media and Communication and Autonomy Ministries being absorbed by the new Department of the President and Bougainville Executive Council.

ABG President Chief Dr John Momis explained that the former ministries absorbed by the Department of the President and Bougainville Executive Council have been given priority and his office will see their coordination.

The minor ABG Cabinet reshuffle sees no new Ministers added but each Minister now has only one portfolio to deal with and work with their related department.

 

John L Momis    Department of the President and Bougainville Executive Council

President

Patrick Nisira                                                 Department of Police and Corrections

Vice President

Rev. Joseph Nopei                                          Department of Justice and the Principal Legal Adviser

Minister for Justice

Albert Punghau                                               Department of Treasury and Finance

Minister for Treasury and Finance

Joel Banam                                                     Department of Administrative Services

Minister for Administrative Services

Michael Oni                                                    Department of Mineral Resources and Energy

Minister for Mineral Resources and Energy

Luke Karaston                                                            Department of Technical Services

Minister for Technical Services

Rose Pihei                                                       Department of Health

Minister for Health

John Tabaniman                                             Department of Education

Minister for Education

David Sisito                                                    Department of Community Government

Minister for Community Government

Melchior Dare                                                            Department of Community Development

Minister for Community Development

Nicholas Daku                                                            Department of Primary Industries

Minister for Primary Industries

Wilfred Komba                                              Department of Commerce and Tourism

Minister for Commerce and Tourism

Newton Kauva            Department of Lands, Physical Planning, Environment and Conservation

Minister for Lands, Physical Planning,

Environment and Conservation

As the Ministerial Titles, Portfolios and Responsibilities goes into effect this makes each cabinet member responsible for National government liaison and coordination and consultation and liaison with any relevant Parliamentary Sectoral and Advisory Committee of the House of Representatives.

Re-structuring of all departments in order to meet Cabinet’s service delivery and economic growth priorities.

The Autonomous Bougainville Government has started implementing the Bougainville Public Service (Management and Administration) Act 2014 which will see the re-structuring of all departments in order to meet Cabinet’s service delivery and economic growth priorities.

ABG President Chief Dr. John Momis who signed the instruments to begin the process on the 3rd of this month said the next six months will be a time of major change as all senior leadership roles are advertised and permanent appointments are made.

“I am very pleased to announce that acting on the advice of the Bougainville Executive Council I have today signed the instruments establishing 14 ministries in the Momis/Nisira Government,” Dr Momis said.

Dr Momis said that it is a radical restructure that is intended to meet Bougainville’s current and future needs and that Cabinet agrees that things have to change within the Administration of Bougainville.

“Business as usual is no longer acceptable, each of the new ministries has a supporting department,” Dr Momis added.

Acting under the authority of the recently passed Bougainville Senior Appointments Act 2014 the BEC has also made a number of acting appointments to the departmental head positions.

These are appointments until substantive Secretaries are recruited, but for no longer than six months. The acting appointments, effective as of the 3rd of August 2014, are:

Mr Puara Kamariki                Secretary for Administrative Services

Ms Brenda Tohiana                Secretary for Treasury and Finance

Mr Kearnneth Nanei               Secretary for Justice

Dr Anthony Pumpara             Secretary for Health

Mr Michael Meten                 Secretary for Education

Mr Ephraim Eminoni             Secretary for Police and Corrections

Mr Steven Burain                   Secretary for Mineral Resources and Energy

Mr Bernard Tzilu                   Secretary for Technical Services

Mr Herbert Kimai                  Secretary for Community Government

Mr Peter Nomoreke                Secretary for Primary Industries

Mr Lesley Tseraha                 Secretary for Community Development

Mr Albert Kinani                    Secretary for Commerce and Tourism

Mr Andrew Dovaro                Secretary for Lands, Physical Planning, Environment and Conservation

With these changes the current divisions are abolished, all current Chief Executive Officers (or acting CEOs) who have not been appointed to an acting departmental head role will retain their substantive position attached to the relevant department.

For the purposes of appointing the Bougainville Electoral Commissioner the Constitution requires that two National Government officers are added, these are National Secretary of the Department for Personnel Management Mr John Kali and the PNG Electoral Commissioner Mr Andrew Trawen.

 

Bougainville News: Bougainville Government radically structures its government ministries to meet current and future needs.

 

43-parliament-house

Reported by Anthony Kaybing New Dawn FM Bougainville News

The Bougainville Executive Council has made the decision to radically structure its government ministries to meet its current and future needs.

This follows the establishment of the Autonomous Bougainville Government’s own Public Service that now operates under its own law within Bougainville.

Kabu House

 

 

ABG President Chief Dr John Momis made the revelation during the Joint Supervisory Body Meeting between the ABG delegation headed by President Momis and the National Government delegation headed by the Deputy Prime Minister, Hon. Leo Dion, in Kokopo, East New Britain Province this Friday (040714).

“This is the first restructure of the Bougainville Government Ministries and the Administration since 2005 and the number of ministries has been cut to 15, thirteen members of the Cabinet will have only one ministry, and only one minister will have two ministries.

This will enable all Ministers to focus their efforts on one government priority area,” the President declared.

With the new structure in place the ABG Ministries will now be as follows;

  1. Presidential portfolios:
  2. Administrative Services
  3. Treasury & Finance
  4. Justice
  5. Police and Corrections
  6. Mineral Resources & Energy
  7. Technical Services
  8. Lands & Physical Planning and Environment & Conservation
  9. Health
  10. Education
  11. Community Government
  12. Communities, Women, Youth and Culture
  13. Sport and Youth
  14. Primary Industry
  15. Commerce and Tourism.

The Bougainville Senior Appointments Committee (BSAC) will be responsible for the appointment of the Chief Secretary (formerly the Chief Administrator) and Head of the Public Service and Senior officers including departmental heads.

The Acting Chief Secretary will work with each minister to prepare a recommendation to the Bougainville Senior Appointments Committee for an Acting appointment for each department and directorate and all permanent appointments will be made within six months to start from 1 January 2015.

“The ABG has already taken practical steps to implement these new ministerial arranges that enforces the new Bougainville Public Service Act,” he said

The President also said that there were to be two new Ministries that will be created that sees the creation of a Ministry and Department of Police and Correctional and the Ministry and Office of Sports and Youth.

President Momis went on to reveal that the Bougainville Administration will have 11 departments headed by Secretaries and four Offices headed by Directors who will be the equivalent to a secretary of a department.

 

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Bougainville News: The ‘lost generation’ of Bougainville: the women speak up

LG

SABINE ELVY | World Vision International

THE Autonomous Region of Bougainville seems like a true paradise: turquoise waters, palm trees and smiling faces. But this area has a troubled past.

Civil war waged in Bougainville for nearly 10 years in the 1990s displacing around 70,000 people and killing thousands. Over a decade later, the legacy of the war continues to leave its devastating impacts upon a new generation, including children born post-conflict.

Cecilia Naguo, 44, is a midwife from Buin District who knows that civil war costs more than just lives.

Cecilia was 23 years old and had just graduated from nursing college when the civil war started. She runs World Vision’s nutrition project in Bougainville, Good Food to Support the Growth of Children, funded by World Vision New Zealand.

Children’s health is something Cecilia is passionate about and she is familiar with the history. She describes a generation of people who missed out on basic health and education during the conflict, labelling them as “the lost generation”.

“During the civil war, children never had any basic health services”, Cecilia says. “It was very difficult to get medical supplies to treat any childhood illness.

“War also had a huge impact on children’s immunisations, because there was simply no way of procuring vaccines. Many children died from preventable diseases.”

Unfortunately, illiteracy and lack of basic education – a legacy of the conflict – is a significant challenge in breaking the cycle of disease and malnutrition, as skills have not been learned and passed on.

Tragically, child health is in a dire state. Children born post-conflict continue to die before they reach their fifth birthday, many deaths due to complications at birth, as well as preventable diseases as such as pneumonia, malaria and diarrhoea.

This is something that women at the Buka markets appear to agree upon and are more than happy to speak up about.

Genevieve, 41, is a mother of four and understands too well that lack of awareness – stemming from lack of education – is a big issue that needs addressing in Bougainville.

She explains that many children in Bougainville are malnourished and therefore susceptible to falling ill, and she wishes that there were more awareness about children’s health at the community level.

“Unplanned pregnancies are a problem here”, she says. “We need to educate our youth.  Many do not have the skills required to look after children.”

Gorethy, of South Bougainville, agreed that many children suffer from neglect. What they need, she says, is “love, support and balanced meals”. Genevieve, who is expecting her fifth child, rubs her belly and nods.

“Children should have three balanced meals a day, but they often miss lunch”, adds Jenny, a 28 year old woman from the west coast. “Sometimes it’s because of food shortages, but other times women just have too many chores.”

The effects of the conflict are far reaching, but so are the positive effects of educating the future generation to raise healthy, strong and happy children. With the right approach to children’s health, all is not lost.

You  can help the lost generation with education tools such as Kindles by donating here:

On the first July 2014 we have 5 kindles (with up to 1,400 books) on the way to Buin Primary School

But we need 20 for the 200 students

www.bookgainville.com

 

Bookgainville  Project on Bougainville PNG